Silica fume, a-silica formed as a byproduct of silicon metal or ferrosilicon alloy production, is used in cement, concrete, and mortars to improve strength and durability (Florke et al. 2008). ... (ECETOC 2006), ambient a-silica levels in the air range from <0.2 to 135 μg/m 3. In California, 1 of 11 samples obtained upwind of rice farming ...Web