small-scale miners and the mining of high-grade veins at large emerald mines. Notable increases in production included that of amethyst, by 102%; tourmaline, ; emerald, 28.3%; ... gold output from the Kansanshi mine and smelter, which were operated by First Quantum, increased by almost 12% to 4,522 kilograms (kg) from 4,044 kg producedWeb