Bai et al. 28 observed similar results and concluded that biofilm is a better environment than activated sludge for the development of Denitratisoma, Rhodobacter and Dechlorosoma, due to the ...Web

Full-scale wastewater treatment plants utilizing aerobic granular sludge technology are being built in many countries worldwide. As with all biological wastewater treatment plants, the produced waste biomass must be stabilized to protect the population, wildlife, and the environment. Digestion is usually used to break down the complex …Web

Sewage sludge processing and disposal have a significant weight on the energy and economic balances of wastewater treatment operations and contribute substantially to greenhouse gas emissions related to wastewater processing. Despite this, sewage sludge contains substantial recoverable resources in the form of energy and …Web

The whole process of sludge combustion is usually divided into five stages: (a) dehydration; (b) release of organic matters; (c) fixed carbon combustion; (d) …Web

A rational foundation of the activated sludge process for the removal of organic carbon could then be established based on mass balance. This approach also defined essential parameters that could relate microbial reactions involved with plant design and operation. ... Scientific ideas and discoveries have also enabled conceptual …Web

Further research should be conducted with continuous-flow reactors using different types of sewage sludge and cosolvents. Particularly, increasing the sewage sludge concentration to around 20–25% without losing the flowability of the slurry for continuous HTL is critical in terms of process development to the industrial scale . A …Web

Abstract The paper presents a critical overview of the first 50 years in the evolution of the activated sludge process. Recognition of the role of aeration and …Web

Between the 59th and 184th day of operation, numerous microorganisms were detected on the fibers and in the activated sludge, testifying to low biological oxygen demand, good aerobic conditions for nitrification, and long sludge age. However, the process seemed to break down after day 72, when the occurrence of metazoan led to …Web

The development in activated sludge process also required more efficient activated sludge separation and thickening. The paper describes the development from secondary clarifiers to membrane separation. Increasing water stress around the globe has also changed the main wastewater paradigm from wastewater treatment and safe discharge …Web

central to sustainable development. Wastewater is a key element in the water–food–energy nexus, and recovery of resources can link water, nutrient and ... recently developed aerobic granular sludge (GS) process is a better replacement for AS and promises sustainable wastewater treatment for at least the next century. The GS process uses ...Web

The key development of the activated sludge process involved aerating sewage and, instead of disposing of the sludge produced, retaining the sludge for mixing with a fresh batch of raw sewage. Because the retained sludge had been previously oxidized, it was considered to be "activated," and hence was given the name "activated …Web

With the development of society and industry, the treatment and disposal of sludge have become a challenge for environmental protection. Co-pyrolysis is considered a sustainable technology to optimize the pyrolysis process and improve the quality and performance of pyrolysis products. Researchers have investigated the sludge co …Web

Sewage sludge (SS) is a biosolid that includes nutrients, organic matter, and a mixture of micropollutants and pathogens. Regarding its final disposal, several criteria should be met to avoid the dissemination of the included micropollutants in the environment. Hence, an adequate treatment prior to SS disposal is highly required. Solar drying is …Web

Four mainstream process routes of sludge treatment from the perspective of carbon neutralisation are analyzed. The route with the highest potential for reducing carbon emissions is proposed. ... The future development directions for sludge treatment and resource recovery are also provided. This paper provides a comprehensive …Web

The development of heterogeneous catalyst based on sludge as raw material has received widespread attention, and the influencing factors of the catalytic process, the reaction process and the stability of the …Web

The objective of this study is, thus, the development of an integrated treatment process for the case of sewage sludge, the demonstration of the energy performance of the integrated process by application of a reliable thermodynamic model and the selection of the operational parameters that result in the maximum net electrical …Web

The activated sludge (AS) process is one of the most widely used biological aerobic methods for wastewater treatment. ... Sludge development was monitored weekly using microscopic images provided by a Leica DM2000 microscope. The microscope was coupled to a camera (Leica), allowing monochrome images to be collected at 400× …Web

Converting sludge to fertilizer has many advantages. First of all, this process, apparently from all methods of sludge management, is part of the closed cycle trend—the sludge formed in the process of wastewater treatment after modifications returns to the environment as a full-value fertilizer that brings benefits to nature (Figure …Web

In this study, we argued that substantial improvement in the energy efficiency might be no longer achievable through further optimization of the activated sludge process. Instead, we should devote more effort …Web

A large amount of oily sludge is produced during the process of oilfield exploration, refining, gathering, and transportation, and is characterized by high oil content, fine particles, large viscosity, and dehydration and transportation difficulty (Nikkhah et al. 2015; Hassanzadeh et al. 2018; Lashkarbolooki and Ayatollahi 2018).The composition of …Web

The introduction of Activated Sludge Models No. 1 (ASM1) in the early 1980s has led to a decade-long experience in applying these models and demonstrating their …Web

1. Introduction. Aerobic granulation may play an important role in the field of wastewater treatment due to the advantages over the conventional activated sludge system, such as denser aggregate structure, better solid-liquid separation, higher biomass concentration (Liu et al., 2009, Buaisha et al., 2020) or even its ability to treat wastewater …Web

Paper sludge at 20 g/L solids was disintegrated at 37,500 rpm in a laboratory mixer (British pulp evaluation apparatus, Mavis Engineering, London), based on the …Web

This article aims to carry out a survey of the alternatives adopted to transform the ferric sludge resulting from advanced, highly polluting oxidative processes into a …Web

The development of simulation models plays an influential role in understanding the process dynamics and predicting the process behavior, which is critical during the transition from laboratory and pilot studies to the design of full-scale plants. ... Since the AGS process is much newer than the activated sludge process and has only …Web

The development in activated sludge process also required more efficient activated sludge separation and thickening. The paper describes the development from secondary clarifiers to membrane separation. Increasing water stress around the globe …Web

A similar process can use to remove nitrogen, but only if the aerobic granular is PN-A. However, there are complex substrates with a high organic and nitrogen load that could remove by AGS with the correct selection of an operational strategy that allows the development and maintenance of nitrifying sludge in AGS.Web

Granulation of the sludge results from biotic and abiotic interactions between microorganisms and sludge particles, resulting in the development of very compact spherical-shaped aggregates with a diameter of approximately 1–3 mm (Fig. 1) where the microbial cells are self-immobilized in a matrix of EPS.Several granulation mechanisms …Web

The sludge production process is shown in Fig. 1. Domestic and industrial waste water needs to be treated through a primary sedimentation tank and a secondary sedimentation tank. After the procedure, the filtered residue is the excess activated sludge. ... With the development of cities and population, the production of sludge is increasing ...Web

However, the traditional activated sludge technology and aerobic granular sludge often produce a large amount of greenhouse gases, such as CO 2 and methane, in the process of wastewater treatment, which is not conducive to the development of cleaner production and the establishment of a low-carbon energy system. As a new type of …Web

Sewage sludge as waste of the wastewater treatment process contains toxic substances, and its conversion into sludge biochar-based catalysts is a promising strategy that merges the merits of waste reutilization and environmental cleanup. This study aims to systematically recapitulate the published articles on the development of sludge biochar …Web

In this review, several keywords, such as aerobic granulation, continuous-flow aerobic granular sludge, selection pressure, feast-famine conditions, and reactor configuration were searched in Web of Science's database.A total number of 81 peer-reviewed journal articles on CAGS have been collected for the period of 2010 to 2022 …Web

Oily sludge contains large amounts of oil emulsions, water, heavy metal ions, and other recyclable resources composed of hydrocarbons and refractory petroleum hydrocarbons, which are a renewable energy with high potential value (Hu et al., 2020).In addition, with the continuous updating of environmental friendliness, sustainability, and …Web

Syngas is a high-value product of the sludge gasification process, as it can be burnt in gas engines and turbines ... E., M. Nieminen, and P. Simell. 2004. Development and commercialisation of biomass and waste gasification technologies from reliable and robust cofiring plants towards synthesis gas production and advanced cycles. 2nd World ...Web

Abstract Excess sludge production in wastewater treatment plants has become an enormous environmental issue worldwide mainly due to the increased efforts …Web

1. Introduction. A considerable amount of oily sludge can be generated from the petroleum industry during its crude oil exploration, production, transportation, storage, and refining processes [1], [2].In particular, the sludge generated during the petroleum refining process has received increasing attention in recent years.Web

sewage treatment that became widely ments, technical or social. known as the activated sludge process. Since that time it has been applied The Gestation Period extensively …Web