1. Introduction. Mechanical alloying (MA) is a well-known way in processing advanced materials involving repeated welding and fracturing the powder particles in a …Web

The crystallization process and products are identical to those of the thermal crystallization. When the milling is performed under the air atmosphere, however, the amorphous Fe 78 Si 9 B 13 alloy gradually crystallizes into a single α-Fe(Si) nanoscale phase, which is quite different from the thermal crystallization and the ball milling ...Web

It was found that during ball milling, crystallization occurs in the amorphous ribbon sample with precipitation of an {alpha}-Fe solid solution, and the amorphous sample crystallizes completely into a single {alpha}-Fe nanostructure (rather than {alpha}-Fe and borides as in the usual thermal crystallization products) when the milling time ...Web

It was found that during ball milling, crystallization occurs in the amorphous ribbon sample with precipitation of an {alpha}-Fe solid solution, and the amorphous sample crystallizes completely into a single {alpha}-Fe nanostructure (rather than {alpha}-Fe and borides as in the usual thermal crystallization products) when the milling time ...Web

Ball milling of melt-spun Fe 90 Zr 10 ribbons in a planetary ball mill (AGO-2) induces their crystallization into supersaturated α-Fe(Zr) grains. The crystallization degree of the amorphous phase increases with increasing milling time, with a fully crystalline state being obtained after 30 min at a milling speed of 1000 rpm.Web

While powders (particle size<500 µm) were successfully obtained following high energy ball milling, partial crystallization of powder particles was also observed. Cryo-milling in select conditions fulfilled both the objectives as it successfully converted ribbons into powder retaining the amorphous phase. Powder produced by cryo-milling …Web

Observed partial crystallization of Co 70.3 Fe 4.7 Si 10 B 15 amorphous alloy upon ball milling may be due to different influences; (1) the alloy composition may change due to abrasion from the steel milling balls or vials, (2) the milling may induce additional defects e.g., shear bands which act as preferred sites for precipitation of ...Web

5.3.2.4 High-Energy Ball Milling. High-energy ball milling is a ball milling process in which a powder mixture placed in a ball mill is subjected to high-energy collisions from the balls. High-energy ball milling, also called mechanical alloying, can successfully produce fine, uniform dispersions of oxide particles in nickel-base super alloys ...Web

It was found that during ball milling, crystallization occurs in the amorphous ribbon sample with precipitation of an {alpha}-Fe solid solution, and the amorphous sample crystallizes completely into a single {alpha}-Fe nanostructure (rather than {alpha}-Fe and borides as in the usual thermal crystallization products) when the …Web

Ball milling of a Cu/Cr 2 O 3 catalyst mixture in the presence of O 2, CO and an excess of H 2 under cryogenic conditions (a stream of cooled nitrogen at −40 °C) enabled preferential CO ...Web

In this study, the crystallization mechanism of the amorphous matrix induced by ball milling was investigated and the phase transformation sequence of amorphous NbCo …Web

Herein, we first prepared polychromatic self-crystallized CsPb(Cl/Br/I)3 perovskite nanocrystalline (PN) borosilicate glass by the high-temperature melting method. Then, the PN glass is exposed to frequent mechanical ball milling. Due to the high-energy mechanical force, the microstructure changes in borosilicate glass such as topological …Web

The effect of ball-milling as a premixing technique prior to melt-mixing, on the crystallization and the nanomechanical properties of the composites has been …Web

In the latter case, crystallization was observed after ball milling beyond the completion of amorphization reaction (7). While the underlying mechanism for a Solid-State Amorphization Reaction (SSAR) is generally agreed upon (8), that for an amorphous-to-crystalline phase transition is still surrounded by controversy.Web

It was found that during ball milling, crystallization occurs in the amorphous ribbon sample with precipitation of an {alpha}-Fe solid solution, and the amorphous sample crystallizes completely into a single {alpha}-Fe nanostructure (rather than {alpha}-Fe and borides as in the usual thermal crystallization products) when the milling time ...Web

The peaks of PEG are marked by asterisks. It can be assumed that due to the low melting point of PEG (61-63 оС), the formation of its melt at the contacts of particles under collisions and balls hitting is likely under ball-milling, therefore the crystallization of BDA proceeded without its substantial amorphization.Web

Furthermore, ball milling technique coupled with chemical and physicochemical pretreatments has been shown to facilitate lignin removal, reduce …Web

In this paper, we report on an amorphous Fe 2 MnGe alloy prepared by ball milling. Crystallization of the D0 3 structure and the D0 3 →D0 19 transformation were observed during the subsequent thermal treatment. 2. ExperimentCommercial elemental Fe (99.9%) powder was mixed with small pieces of Mn (99.9%) ...Web

High-energy ball milling (HEBM) process is a powerful solid-state synthesis/powder mechanical alloying method. The objective of this work is to form selenide compounds at different milling times (1–20 h) by HEBM process. ... Additionally, the exothermic crystallization peak is shifted to lower temperatures, 100.5, 100.2, 100, and …Web

In this study, the crystallization mechanism of the amorphous matrix induced by ball milling was investigated and the phase transformation sequence of amorphous NbCo 1.1 Sn–NbCo 2 Sn full-Heusler was verified. In the ball milling process, the introduction of oxygen and the formation of niobium oxide were observed.Web

The crystallization of amorphous NbCo 1.1 Sn induced by ball milling stems from the local chemical composition fluctuation induced by atomic diffusion and oxidation in order to reach thermodynamical stability. In the dynamic free volume change stage, the mechanical energy driven by collisions between the dynamic motion of balls and powders ...Web

Microstructure evolution in a melt-spun amorphous Fe77.2Mo0.8Si9B13 alloy subjected to high-energy ball milling was investigated by means of X-ray diffraction (XRD), a transmission electron microscope (TEM), and a differential scanning calorimeter (DSC). It was found that during ball milling, crystallization occurs in the amorphous ribbon …Web

The ball milling treatment exposed more buried SH groups, which were eventually oxidized to form a disulfide bond during ball milling treatment (Sun, Liu, et al., 2015). As disulfide bond played an important role in the maintenance of the higher structure of protein, these results indicated that ball milling treatment with high collision, shear ...Web

High energy ball milling (HEBM) is a well known process of producing a wide range of materials with unique properties [1].Web

Fig. 1 shows the XRD patterns of the melt-spun and milled ribbon for 45 min. The broad diffraction halo, characteristic of amorphous materials, could be distinguished in the XRD pattern of the melt-spun ribbon. Milling of the amorphous ribbon leads to crystallization and formation of the Fe(Si) phase together with very small amounts of …Web

Solid-state amorphization during mechanical alloying of Fe- x Ti alloys (x = 33.3 and 50 at.%) and the subsequent mechanically-induced crystallization by …Web

It was found that during ball milling, crystallization occurs in the amorphous ribbon sample with precipitation of an {alpha}-Fe solid solution, and the amorphous sample crystallizes completely into a single {alpha}-Fe nanostructure (rather than {alpha}-Fe and borides as in the usual thermal crystallization products) when the milling time ...Web

The present review summarizes the most representative studies that applied ball milling to obtain different formulations with the enhanced properties of either co-crystal or co-amorphous systems, using low molecular weight components and …Web

The ball milling of commercial strontium hexaferrite powder for up to 42 h allows a particle size reduction down to 400 nm. Conventional PXRD indicates that the ball-milled samples were single ...Web

Mechanical milling was carried out at room temperature in a shaker mixer mill using vials and balls of hardened steel as the milling media with a ball:powder weight ratio of 10:1. The mixtures ...Web

Unlike ball milling, there is a lack of investigation of structure formation and its developing mechanisms of Ni-Co-Mn-In powders obtained by the mechanical alloying technique. Although MA has been widely used for other alloys, the crystallization kinetics of the MSMAs powders obtained by MA technique has not been studied yet.Web

In the first hour of ball-milling the crystallization temperature increased by --~ 5 for the sample precipitated at pH 10.5, ~ 15 for the sample precipitated at pH 7.5, and ~ 50 for the sample precipitated at pH 2.5 thus suggesting that higher precipitation pH produced tougher grains of zirconium hydrox- ide, more resistant to the disordering ...Web

Most drugs after crystallization may have to be comminuted and this physical transformation is required to various extents, often to enhance processability or solubility especially for drugs with limited aqueous solubility. ... Ball milling of ibuprofen and aluminum hydroxide was carried out to facilitate complex formation between ibuprofen …Web